Alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Federal government websites often end in.

Cardiovascular Diabetology volume 18 , Article number: Cite this article. Metrics details. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors AGIs have been shown to reduce incident type 2 diabetes but their impact on cardiovascular CV disease remains controversial. Of ten trials identified, three met our inclusion criteria for incident type 2 diabetes and four were eligible for CV outcomes. There was little to no heterogeneity between studies, with I 2 values of 0. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors AGIs such as acarbose, miglitol and voglibose are oral drugs used in the management of diabetes, primarily to reduce post-prandial glucose concentrations.

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors

There is only one tablet of this type used, called acarbose. It is usually used when a healthy diet and physical activity alone has been unsuccessful, although it is sometimes used together with a sulphonylurea. Acarbose works by slowing down the absorption of starchy foods from the intestine. This means that blood glucose levels rise more slowly after meals. Acarbose should always be chewed with the first mouthful of food or swallowed whole with a little liquid immediately before the meal. All medication has side effects and you should check the patient information leaflet PIL supplied with your medication to see which side effects you might experience from your particular medication. Remember that you are unlikely to experience all side effects that are listed, and you may not experience any at all. If you do, speak to your doctor as there may be another diabetes medication you could try instead. A company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales with no. Skip to main navigation Skip to content.

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for treatment of diabetes mellitus. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. Comparisons of the efficacy of alpha glucosidase inhibitors on type 2 diabetes patients between Asian and Caucasian.

The alpha-glucosidase inhibitors acarbose, miglitol, voglibose have been studied extensively in Europe and Japan; two of them, acarbose and miglitol, are available in the United States. Taken orally, they inhibit the upper gastrointestinal enzymes alpha-glucosidases that convert complex polysaccharide carbohydrates into monosaccharides in a dose-dependent fashion. These drugs therefore slow the absorption of dietary carbohydrate; the slower rise in postprandial blood glucose concentrations is potentially beneficial in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In addition, the transfer of polysaccharides to the more distal small intestine increases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1 and several other gut hormones [ 1 ]. In older patients with type 2 diabetes, acarbose may also increase insulin sensitivity [ 2 ], although this may have been a nonspecific effect associated with improved glycemia.

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Manahil Akmal ; Roopma Wadhwa. Authors Manahil Akmal ; Roopma Wadhwa 1. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors AGIs are a group of antidiabetic drugs used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This activity outlines the indications, mechanism of action, contraindications, adverse effects, monitoring, and other key elements required by healthcare professionals involved in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Objectives: Identify the mechanism of action and administration of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Describe the adverse effects and contraindications of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors

The alpha-glucosidase inhibitors acarbose, miglitol, voglibose have been studied extensively in Europe and Japan; two of them, acarbose and miglitol, are available in the United States. Taken orally, they inhibit the upper gastrointestinal enzymes alpha-glucosidases that convert complex polysaccharide carbohydrates into monosaccharides in a dose-dependent fashion. These drugs therefore slow the absorption of dietary carbohydrate; the slower rise in postprandial blood glucose concentrations is potentially beneficial in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In addition, the transfer of polysaccharides to the more distal small intestine increases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1 and several other gut hormones [ 1 ]. In older patients with type 2 diabetes, acarbose may also increase insulin sensitivity [ 2 ], although this may have been a nonspecific effect associated with improved glycemia. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors do not cause hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy or with other agents that do not cause hypoglycemia.

Marnie shop stardew

This link between postprandial blood glucose PPG and long-term diabetic complications is even stronger than that of fasting hyperglycemia. In this Page. This topic last updated: Jan 04, Godbout A, Chiasson JL. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Figure S2. Toggle limited content width. Hence, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors reduce the impact of dietary carbohydrates on blood sugar. R Core Team. An evaluation of the potential side-effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors used for the management of diabetes mellitus. Study-level data for all eligible trials identified were extracted from their corresponding published papers.

Federal government websites often end in.

Gastrointestinal disturbances are the most commonly reported side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Original investigation Open access Published: 17 October Meta-analysis of the impact of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on incident diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes Ruth L. References Xu J, Rajaratnam R. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors AGIs have been shown to reduce incident type 2 diabetes but their impact on cardiovascular CV disease remains controversial. Reprints and permissions. Effects of acarbose on cardiovascular and diabetes outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance ACE : a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides , trisaccharides , and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestine. Since alpha-glucosidase inhibitors prevent the degradation of complex carbohydrates into glucose, the carbohydrates will remain in the intestine. Effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on cardiovascular CV outcomes and on progression to type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are administered orally.