Ian turing

Alan Turing, born June 23, and died June 7,ian turing, was a British mathematician and logician who made major contributions to mathematics, cryptanalysis, logic, philosophy, and mathematical biology.

Alan Turing visited the United States during and This article describes how two of Turing's greatest accomplishments, in logic and computer design, were influenced by the first of his two visits to the U. Figure 1. The British mathematician Alan Turing has perhaps achieved greater fame today than during his lifetime. The Broadway production was nominated for three Tony Awards, a rare accomplishment for a theatrical piece about a mathematician. But Turing was no ordinary mathematician. The play deplored his sad demise apparently caused by his homosexuality.

Ian turing

He graduated from King's College, Cambridge , with a degree in mathematics. Whilst he was a fellow at Cambridge, he published a proof demonstrating that some purely mathematical yes—no questions can never be answered by computation. He defined a Turing machine and proved that the halting problem for Turing machines is undecidable. For a time he led Hut 8 , the section that was responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. Here, he devised a number of techniques for speeding the breaking of German ciphers , including improvements to the pre-war Polish bomba method, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine. Turing played a crucial role in cracking intercepted coded messages that enabled the Allies to defeat the Axis powers in many crucial engagements, including the Battle of the Atlantic. After the war, Turing worked at the National Physical Laboratory , where he designed the Automatic Computing Engine , one of the first designs for a stored-program computer. In , Turing joined Max Newman 's Computing Machine Laboratory at the Victoria University of Manchester , where he helped develop the Manchester computers [12] and became interested in mathematical biology. He wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis [13] [1] and predicted oscillating chemical reactions such as the Belousov—Zhabotinsky reaction , first observed in the s. Despite these accomplishments, Turing was never fully recognised in Britain during his lifetime because much of his work was covered by the Official Secrets Act. Turing was prosecuted in for homosexual acts. He accepted hormone treatment with DES , a procedure commonly referred to as chemical castration , as an alternative to prison. Turing died on 7 June , 16 days before his 42nd birthday, from cyanide poisoning. An inquest determined his death as a suicide , but it has been noted that the known evidence is also consistent with accidental poisoning.

Ian turing 2 January By the end of the year ten colossi were operational. Despite these accomplishments, Turing was never fully recognised in Britain during his lifetime because much of his work was covered by the Official Secrets Act.

He left an extensive legacy in mathematics, science, society and popular culture. Turing was appointed an officer of the Order of the British Empire A biography published by the Royal Society shortly after Turing's death, [3] while his wartime work was still subject to the Official Secrets Act , recorded:. Three remarkable papers written just before the war, on three diverse mathematical subjects, show the quality of the work that might have been produced if he had settled down to work on some big problem at that critical time. Since , the Turing Award has been given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery for technical or theoretical contributions to the computing community. It is widely considered to be the computing world's highest honour, equivalent to the Nobel Prize.

Alan Turing - the Bletchley Park codebreaker - would have been years old on 23 June had he lived to the present day. To mark the occasion the BBC commissioned a week-long series of articles to explore his many achievements. These ranged from top-level signals, such as detailed situation reports prepared by generals at the battle fronts, and orders signed by Hitler himself, down to the important minutiae of war like weather reports and inventories of the contents of supply ships. Thanks to Turing and his fellow codebreakers, much of this information ended up in allied hands - sometimes within an hour or two of it being transmitted. The faster the messages could be broken, the fresher the intelligence that they contained, and on at least one occasion an intercepted Enigma message's English translation was being read at the British Admiralty less than 15 minutes after the Germans had transmitted it. On the first day of war, at the beginning of September , Turing took up residence at Bletchley Park, the ugly Victorian Buckinghamshire mansion that served as the wartime HQ of Britain's top codebreakers. There he was a key player in the battle to decrypt the coded messages generated by Enigma, the German military's typewriter-like cipher machine. Turing pitted machine against machine. The prototype model of his anti-Enigma "bombe", named simply Victory, was installed in the spring of

Ian turing

Alan Turing was one of the most influential British figures of the 20th century. In , Turing invented the computer as part of his attempt to solve a fiendish puzzle known as the Entscheidungsproblem. This mouthful was a big headache for mathematicians at the time, who were attempting to determine whether any given mathematical statement can be shown to be true or false through a step-by-step procedure — what we would call an algorithm today.

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The University of Washington has a computer laboratory named after Turing. In the s, Turing became worried about losing his savings in the event of a German invasion. October Archived from the original on 17 February Archived from the original on 6 July Asperger's Syndrome and High Achievement. New York: Basic Books. Read Edit View history. Archived from the original on 7 July System Toolbox. Finally, on 28 May of that year, he finished and delivered his page paper for publication called " On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem ". Retrieved 13 September Retrieved 15 July — via Wikimedia Commons.

Alan Turing's short and extraordinary life has attracted wide interest.

PWS Publishing. Copeland noted that the autopsy findings were more consistent with inhalation than with ingestion of the poison. However, both the Churchill Centre and Turing's biographer Andrew Hodges have stated they know of no documentary evidence to support this claim, nor of the date or context in which Churchill supposedly said it, and the Churchill Centre lists it among their Churchill 'Myths', see Schilling, Jonathan 8 January W Heffer. Imperial War Museums. A tale of buried treasure, some good estimations, and golden unicorns: The numismatic connections of Alan Turing. Bibcode : SciAm. Turing's father's civil service commission was still active during Turing's childhood years, and his parents travelled between Hastings in the United Kingdom [25] and India, leaving their two sons to stay with a retired Army couple. S2CID Archived from the original on 8 April Main article: Alan Turing law.