Lipoxygenase

Lipoxygenases LOXs lipoxygenase the stereo-specific peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFAs to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Lipoxygenases LOXs are dioxygenases that catalyze the formation of corresponding hydroperoxides from polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. LOX enzymes are expressed in immune, epithelial, and tumor cells that display a variety of physiological functions, including inflammation, skin disorder, and tumorigenesis. In the humans and mice, six LOX isoforms have been known.

Lipoxygenase

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human Hs , mouse Mm and rat Rn. Show » « Hide. The lipoxygenases LOXs are a structurally related family of non-heme iron dioxygenases that function in the production, and in some cases metabolism, of fatty acid hydroperoxides. In humans there are five lipoxygenases, the 5S- arachidonate : oxygen 5-oxidoreductase , 12R- arachidonate lipoxygenase, 12R-type , 12S- arachidonate : oxygen oxidoreductase , and two distinct 15S- arachidonate : oxygen oxidoreductase LOXs that oxygenate arachidonic acid in different positions along the carbon chain and form the corresponding 5S-, 12S-, 12R-, or 15S-hydroperoxides, respectively. Some general LOX inhibitors are nordihydroguiaretic acid and esculetin. Zileuton and caffeic acid are used as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, while baicalein and CDC are lipoxygenase inhibitors. The specificity of these inhibitors has not been rigorously assessed with all LOX forms: baicalein , along with other flavonoids, such as fisetin and luteolin , also inhibits LOX-1 [ 14 ]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther , 3 : J Med Chem , 34 4 : Nature , : Br J Pharmacol , 5 : Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat , :

Kawagishi Y.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Cancer and inflammation are intimately linked due to specific oxidative processes in the tumor microenvironment. Lipoxygenases are a versatile class of oxidative enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism. An increasing number of arachidonic acid metabolites is being discovered and apart from their classically recognized pro-inflammatory effects, anti-inflammatory effects are also being described in recent years.

Lipoxygenases LOXs catalyze the stereo-specific peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFAs to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives. ALOX15, which was first described in , has been extensively characterized and its biological functions have been investigated in a number of cellular systems and animal models. In macrophages, ALOX15 functions to generate specific phospholipid PL oxidation products crucial for orchestrating the nonimmunogenic removal of apoptotic cells ACs as well as synthesizing precursor lipids required for production of specialized pro-resolving mediators SPMs that facilitate inflammation resolution. Although its enzymatic properties are well described, the biological functions of ALOX15B are not fully understood. Lipoxygenases LOXs are non-heme iron-containing dioxygenases that catalyze the stereo-specific peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFAs containing one or more 1,4- cis , cis pentadiene moieties to the corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives Kuhn et al.

Lipoxygenase

Human lipoxygenases LOXs are the enzymes participating in the metabolism of the polyunsaturated fatty acids and catalyzing their oxidation to a variety of eicosanoids, which as the secondary signal transducers have a major impact on human homeostasis. They are involved in many diseases such as inflammatory responses, cancers, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic syndrome. Namely: i Human lipoxygenases might act as oligomers consisting of active and apo monomers. Molecular architecture should contain assignment of another regulatory domain of alpha-beta character, possibly important in molecular signaling, which might provide another avenue for targeted drug development. Abstract Human lipoxygenases LOXs are the enzymes participating in the metabolism of the polyunsaturated fatty acids and catalyzing their oxidation to a variety of eicosanoids, which as the secondary signal transducers have a major impact on human homeostasis. Publication types Research Support, Non-U. Gov't Review. Substances Lipoxygenase.

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Despite its effectiveness, zileuton is not the first choice therapy due to its side effect such as nausea and idiosyncratic effects on the liver [ 93 ]. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Mammalian ALOX15 orthologs exhibit pronounced dual positional specificity with docosahexaenoic acid. ALOX12 polymorphisms are associated with fat mass but not peak bone mineral density in Chinese nuclear families. Similarly, Alox5- deficient mice exhibit a suppressed response to chemically induced local inflammation [,]. Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential. Physiol Mol. Consistently, another atherosclerotic model induced by COX-2 disruption attenuated disease formation in Alox5- deficient mice []. These studies indicate that the lipoxygenase expression is associated with the development of cancer. In asthma, two intronic single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated with ALOX5AP , suggesting that these mutations can be used for diagnostic markers [].

Lipoxygenases LOXs are dioxygenases that catalyze the formation of corresponding hydroperoxides from polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.

Doiron J. The physiological role of 12R-LOX is rather specific, in conjunction with its limited expression profile in epithelial cells. TEWL results in a loss of water from the skin, leading to excessively dry skin, as found in ichthyosis. Mancini J. Sigal, E. CAS Google Scholar. Immunocytochemical localization of arachidonate lipoxygenase in erythrocytes, leukocytes, and airway cells. On the role of molecular oxygen in lipoxygenase activation: comparison and contrast of epidermal lipoxygenase-3 with soybean lipoxygenase Agents Actions Suppl , 34 : Lipoxins LXs are generated from arachidonic acid through two lipoxygenase-based synthesis routes. Alox15b There are a limited number of studies involving Alox15b.