Moberget

The moberget domain of the human cerebellum has expanded beyond motor control to also include cognitive and affective functions. In line with this notion, moberget, cerebellar volume has increased over recent primate evolution and cerebellar alterations have been linked to heritable mental danceporn. We also observed genetic moberget between cerebellar morphology and major mental disorders, moberget, supporting cerebellar involvement in psychopathology.

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Moberget

The past 25 years have seen the functional domain of the cerebellum extend beyond the realm of motor control, with considerable discussion of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognitive domains including attention, memory, and language. Drawing on evidence from neuroanatomy, physiology, neuropsychology, and computational work, sophisticated models have been developed to describe cerebellar function in sensorimotor control and learning. In contrast, mechanistic accounts of how the cerebellum contributes to cognition have remained elusive. Inspired by the homogeneous cerebellar microanatomy and a desire for parsimony, many researchers have sought to extend mechanistic ideas from motor control to cognition. One influential hypothesis centers on the idea that the cerebellum implements internal models, representations of the context-specific dynamics of an agent's interactions with the environment, enabling predictive control. We briefly review cerebellar anatomy and physiology, to review the internal model hypothesis as applied in the motor domain, before turning to extensions of these ideas in the linguistic domain, focusing on speech perception and semantic processing. While recent findings are consistent with this computational generalization, they also raise challenging questions regarding the nature of cerebellar learning, and may thus inspire revisions of our views on the role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor control. Keywords: cerebellum; cognition; computational mechanisms; internal models; language; motor control. Abstract The past 25 years have seen the functional domain of the cerebellum extend beyond the realm of motor control, with considerable discussion of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognitive domains including attention, memory, and language. Gov't Research Support, N.

Endocrinology including Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease Although cerebellar involvement across a wide range of cognitive and neuropsychiatric phenotypes is increasingly being recognized, moberget large-scale studies in schizophrenia SZ have primarily focused on supratentorial structures. Nature neuroscience 22 10moberget,moberget,

Although cerebellar involvement across a wide range of cognitive and neuropsychiatric phenotypes is increasingly being recognized, previous large-scale studies in schizophrenia SZ have primarily focused on supratentorial structures. Hence, the across-sample reproducibility, regional distribution, associations with cerebrocortical morphology and effect sizes of cerebellar relative to cerebral morphological differences in SZ are unknown. We addressed these questions in patients with SZ spectrum disorders and healthy controls HCs from 14 international samples, using state-of-the-art image analysis pipelines optimized for both the cerebellum and the cerebrum. Effect sizes for cerebellar volumes were similar to the most consistently reported cerebral structural changes in SZ e. Within groups, we further observed positive correlations between cerebellar volume and cerebral cortical thickness in frontotemporal regions i. This cerebellocerebral structural covariance was strongest in SZ, suggesting common underlying disease processes jointly affecting the cerebellum and the cerebrum.

Importance: Between-individual variability in brain structure is determined by gene-environment interactions, possibly reflecting differential sensitivity to environmental and genetic perturbations. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI studies have revealed thinner cortices and smaller subcortical volumes in patients with schizophrenia. However, group-level comparisons may mask considerable within-group heterogeneity, which has largely remained unnoticed in the literature. Objectives: To compare brain structural variability between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls and to test whether respective variability reflects the polygenic risk score PRS for schizophrenia in an independent sample of healthy controls. Design, setting, and participants: This case-control and polygenic risk analysis compared MRI-derived cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia across 16 cohorts and tested for associations between PRS and MRI features in a control cohort from the UK Biobank. Data were collected from October 27, , through April 12, , and analyzed from December 3, , through August 1, Main outcomes and measures: Mean and dispersion parameters were estimated using double generalized linear models.

Moberget

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Although cerebellar involvement across a wide range of cognitive and neuropsychiatric phenotypes is increasingly being recognized, previous large-scale studies in schizophrenia SZ have primarily focused on supratentorial structures. Hence, the across-sample reproducibility, regional distribution, associations with cerebrocortical morphology and effect sizes of cerebellar relative to cerebral morphological differences in SZ are unknown. We addressed these questions in patients with SZ spectrum disorders and healthy controls HCs from 14 international samples, using state-of-the-art image analysis pipelines optimized for both the cerebellum and the cerebrum.

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Otolaryngology Pediatrics Rehabilitation Medicine and Physical Therapy Radiology and Imaging The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by UCSD in accordance with its competing interest policies. Download PDF. The past 25 years have seen the functional domain of the cerebellum extend beyond the realm of motor control, with considerable discussion of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognitive domains including attention, memory, and language. This cerebellocerebral structural covariance was strongest in SZ, suggesting common underlying disease processes jointly affecting the cerebellum and the cerebrum. Your Personal Message. Vis alle. Min profil Mitt bibliotek Metrics Varsler.

Background: Synaptic plasticity might play an important role in the pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorders. There is, however, a paucity of human evidence supporting this hypothesis, mainly due to a lack of methods for noninvasive assessment of synaptic plasticity. It has recently been demonstrated that plasticity of the visual evoked potential VEP induced by repeated visual stimulation might reflect synaptic plasticity.

NeuroImage: Clinical 15, , View the discussion thread. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging 4 9 , , Message Body Your Name thought you would like to see this page from the medRxiv website. Nature neuroscience 22 10 , , Association of copy number variation of the 15q Finally, cerebellar volume reduction in SZ was highly consistent across the included age span years and present already in the youngest patients, a finding that is more consistent with neurodevelopmental than neurodegenerative etiology. Nutrition While recent findings are consistent with this computational generalization, they also raise challenging questions regarding the nature of cerebellar learning, and may thus inspire revisions of our views on the role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor control. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 44 , ,