Myenteric plexus

At the time the article was last revised Mostafa Elfeky had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose. The myenteric plexus also known as the Auerbach plexus plural: plexuses refers to a myenteric plexus of nerves between the layers of the muscular propria in the gastrointestinal system, myenteric plexus. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract.

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Jasmin Shahrestani ; Joe M Das. Auerbach plexus named after Leopold Auerbach , also known by the name of myenteric plexus, is a group of ganglia that run throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract and innervate its multiple layers of smooth muscle. This collection of nerves is sandwiched between two layers of the muscularis externa, the inner circular muscle layer, and the outer longitudinal muscle.

Myenteric plexus

Myenteric plexus a. Auerbach plexus refers to a local circuitry of neurons and ganglia which is situated within the gut wall from esophagus to the rectum. It is sandwiched between the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of muscularis externa and innervates the smooth muscle of the gut. The myenteric plexus , in association with another plexus of nerves, called the submucosal plexus, make up the enteric nervous system. The enteric nervous system helps regulate the peristalsis, secretions and vasculature within the gut. While it can act independently from the central nervous system, its activity is primarily regulated by autonomic pre-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons coming from the anterior and posterior vagal trunks. These neurons synapse with the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons of the submucosal and myenteric plexus es in the gut wall. The vagal discharge leads to increased peristalsis and secretions of the gut. Dysfunction of enteric nervous system could lead to various disorders, such as Hirschprung disease, achalasia and gastroparesis. Drake, R. Philadelphia PA Elsevier, pp.

Hirschsprung's disease and mimicking conditions.

Auerbach plexus named after Leopold Auerbach , also known by the name of myenteric plexus, is a group of ganglia that run throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract and innervate its multiple layers of smooth muscle. This collection of nerves is sandwiched between two layers of the muscularis externa, the inner circular muscle layer, and the outer longitudinal muscle. Combined with another set of nerves, the submucosal Meissner plexus, they make up the enteric nervous system. The myenteric plexus is principally responsible for the peristaltic movement of the bowels. While it can act independently from the central nervous system, it receives innervation from the autonomic nervous system, connecting the central and enteric nervous systems. The dysfunction of this structure is the etiology underlying several disorders, including Hirschsprung disease, achalasia, and gastroparesis. The myenteric plexus is also the target of mu receptor opioids.

At the time the article was last revised Mostafa Elfeky had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose. The myenteric plexus also known as the Auerbach plexus plural: plexuses refers to a network of nerves between the layers of the muscular propria in the gastrointestinal system. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract. The plexus is part of the enteric nervous system ENS and is partly regulated by the vagus nerve cranial nerve X. Disorders of the myenteric plexus may lead to a number of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Classic examples include achalasia of the esophagus and Hirschsprung disease of the colon which are due at least partly to loss of ganglion cells of the myenteric plexus. Articles: Pseudoachalasia Eosinophilic myenteric ganglionitis Achalasia. Updating… Please wait. Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.

Myenteric plexus

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. The gastrointestinal tract is the only internal organ to have evolved with its own independent nervous system, known as the enteric nervous system ENS. This Review provides an update on advances that have been made in our understanding of how neurons within the ENS coordinate sensory and motor functions. Understanding this function is critical for determining how deficits in neurogenic motor patterns arise.

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Eur J Pediatr Surg. Through these cross connections, the gut can provide sensory information to the CNS, and the CNS can affect gastrointestinal function. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Among other things, the plexus helps regulate peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract. Underlying structures: There are no anatomical children for this anatomical part. Generally, expression of a receptor is limited to a subset of myenteric neurons, with probably the only exception being expression of nicotinic cholinergic receptors on all myenteric neurons. Log In. Definition English. Submucous plexus Myenteric plexus. Hirschsprung's disease is a form of functional low bowel obstruction due to failure of caudal migration of neuroblasts within developing bowel — this results in an absence of parasympathetic intrinsic ganglion cells in both Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses. Saliva Gastric acid. Disorders of peristaltic movement are common and can occur in different areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Tullington JE, Blecker N. Archived from the original on

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Gut region-specific diabetic enteric neuropathy is proposed to be due to a regional reduction in matrix metalloproteinase 9 MMP9 that leads to an accumulation of extracellular matrix that in turn leads to a region-specific thickening of the endothelial basement membrane of the capillaries supplying the myenteric ganglia. It arises from cells in the vagal trigone also known as the nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve vagus nerve , located in the medulla oblongata. Publication types Study Guide. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Clear Turn Off Turn On. The cause of the lesion is unknown. Essential technical cookies These are cookies that ensure the proper functioning of the website and allow its optimization detect browsing problems, connect to your IMAIOS account, online payments, debugging and website security. Myenteric plexus. A submucosal tunnel is first created to reach the inner circular muscle bundles. Accept all cookies Manage cookies.