Organic anion transporter

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Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. The organic anion transporter OAT subfamily, which constitutes roughly half of the SLC22 solute carrier 22 transporter family, has received a great deal of attention because of its role in handling of common drugs antibiotics, antivirals, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , toxins mercury, aristolochic acid , and nutrients vitamins, flavonoids. Oats are expressed in many tissues, including kidney, liver, choroid plexus, olfactory mucosa, brain, retina, and placenta. Recent metabolomics and microarray data from Oat1 [ Slc22a6 , originally identified as NKT novel kidney transporter ] and Oat3 Slc22a8 knockouts, as well as systems biology studies, indicate that this pathway plays a central role in the metabolism and handling of gut microbiome metabolites as well as putative uremic toxins of kidney disease. Oats may also play a major role in interorganismal communication via movement of small molecules across the intestine, placental barrier, into breast milk, and volatile odorants into the urine.

Organic anion transporter

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human Hs , mouse Mm and rat Rn. Show » « Hide. Organic anion transporters OATs are non-selective transporters prominent in the kidney, placenta and blood-brain barrier. Handb Exp Pharmacol , : Mol Aspects Med , 34 : Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , 58 : Drug Metab Dispos , 45 2 : Drug Metab Dispos , 50 9 : [Epub ahead of print]. Acta Pharm Sin B , 6 5 :

Duan P, You G.

OAT1 is a transmembrane protein that is expressed in the brain, the placenta, the eyes, smooth muscles , and the basolateral membrane of proximal tubular cells of the kidneys. It plays a central role in renal organic anion transport. Along with OAT3 , OAT1 mediates the uptake of a wide range of relatively small and hydrophilic organic anions from plasma into the cytoplasm of the proximal tubular cells of the kidneys. From there, these substrates are transported into the lumen of the nephrons of the kidneys for excretion. OAT1 homologs have been identified in rats , mice , rabbits , pigs , flounders , and nematodes.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. They are expressed in many tissues, such as the liver and kidney, and mediate the absorption and excretion of many endogenous and exogenous substances, including various drugs. Most are composed of 12 transmembrane polypeptide chains with the C-terminus and the N-terminus located in the cell cytoplasm. OATs and OATPs are abundantly expressed in the liver, where they mainly promote the uptake of various endogenous substrates such as bile acids and various exogenous drugs such as antifibrotic and anticancer drugs. However, differences in the locations of glycosylation sites, phosphorylation sites, and amino acids in the OAT and OATP structures lead to different substrates being transported to the liver, which ultimately results in their different roles in the liver. To date, few articles have addressed these aspects of OAT and OATP structures, and we study further the similarities and differences in their structures, tissue distribution, substrates, and roles in liver diseases.

Organic anion transporter

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. The organic anion transporter OAT subfamily, which constitutes roughly half of the SLC22 solute carrier 22 transporter family, has received a great deal of attention because of its role in handling of common drugs antibiotics, antivirals, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , toxins mercury, aristolochic acid , and nutrients vitamins, flavonoids. Oats are expressed in many tissues, including kidney, liver, choroid plexus, olfactory mucosa, brain, retina, and placenta. Recent metabolomics and microarray data from Oat1 [ Slc22a6 , originally identified as NKT novel kidney transporter ] and Oat3 Slc22a8 knockouts, as well as systems biology studies, indicate that this pathway plays a central role in the metabolism and handling of gut microbiome metabolites as well as putative uremic toxins of kidney disease. Oats may also play a major role in interorganismal communication via movement of small molecules across the intestine, placental barrier, into breast milk, and volatile odorants into the urine.

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Finally, the present model should help to better understand h OAT1 function at the molecular level, pending experimental resolution by means of e. Andrei, G. Huang, Y. Hatorp et al[ 97 ] found that repaglinide plasma absorption increased four-fold in patients with cirrhosis, as determined by the area under the curve. J Gastroenterol. Liver-enriched transcription factors and hepatocyte differentiation. Novel slc22 transporter homologs in fly, worm, and human clarify the phylogeny of organic anion and cation transporters. Two further densities are observed, one interacting with the hydroxyl group of Tyr and the other sitting close to Phe and Phe, which are likely to be additional phosphate molecules. In the testis, significant expression was found in Sertoli cells which comprise the blood-testis barrier, suggesting that Oat6 plays a role in the function of this barrier epithelium This is also the case for AF2 see Supplementary Fig. Source Data Extended Data Fig. For example, in the kidney it now appears that basolateral Oat1 and Oat3 uptake of organic anions is loosely coupled to apically located transporters including Mrp2 and Mrp4 for efflux. The present model can be used for further investigation of drug -drug interactions inhibitory studies by providing atomic pictures and binding affinities for given drugs.

Members of the Organo Anion Transporter OAT Family organic-anion-transporting polypeptides , OATP are membrane transport proteins or 'transporters' that mediate the transport of mainly organic anions across the cell membrane.

Mol Pharmacol 70 : —, Using indinavir in combination with the other two drugs did not increase the toxicity of the combination. The expression of the SLC22 family of transporters during kidney development. These members show similar structures in their 12 putative transmembrane regions[ 24 ]. Multispecific amphipathic substrate transport by an organic anion transporter of human liver. CD, collecting duct; CF, carboxyfluorescein. Issue Date : November Cite this article Parker, J. Oat1, among the most highly expressed genes in the adult kidney, is localized to the basolateral surface of the proximal tubule; it is also highly expressed in choroid plexus , , , , Expression of Oat6 is restricted, with strong expression observed in nasal epithelia Figure 5 and weaker expression in testis , , The second observable difference is that Tyr TM5 adopts two rotamer positions Fig. F : olfactory marker protein control. The principal element of the event points at interactions of charged residues that appear crucial for the transporter dynamics and function.